{"id":1306,"date":"2019-11-29T11:07:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-29T10:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/?p=1306"},"modified":"2020-05-01T19:31:09","modified_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:31:09","slug":"prague-sga-student-chapter-visiting-columbia-bogota-sga-student-chapter-mineral-deposits-of-columbia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/?p=1306","title":{"rendered":"Prague SGA Student Chapter visiting Columbia-Bogot\u00e1 SGA Student Chapter: Mineral deposits of Columbia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n\nJarom\u011b\u0159sk\u00fd, Ivan Mateo Espinel Pach\u00f3n, Jan Hofmann, Milton A.\nSantos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/em><\/sup>SGA\nStudent Chapter Prague, Faculty of Science, Charles University,\nAlbertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic; jaromers@natur.cuni.cz<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Photo of the whole group of participating members<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As\nevery year, Prague Chapter participates in several fieldtrips with\nfriendly chapters. This year, we managed to negotiate several daily\nfieldtrips with the SGA Student Chapter Columbia-Bogot\u00e1, which\nshould have focused on emerald and gold deposits. The main target was\nto visit the world famous emerald deposit near the town of Muzo.\nHowever, the whole program was charged and very well prepared by the\nColombia-Bogot\u00e1 Chapter. The Prague chapter was represented by 10\nmembers and the field trip lasted from March 19 to 25.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/strong>st<\/strong><\/sup>\nday:\t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On\nthe first day we visited a sedimentary-exhaliative deposit (SedEx)\nnear Chiquinquir\u00e1 \u2013 Boyaca. Sedex are ore deposits formed by a\nrelease of ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids. Subsequently, they must\nbe released into a water reservoir, resulting in the precipitation of\nstratiform ore. SedEx deposits are the most important sources of\nlead, zinc and barite. These ores are processed for tungsten, copper,\nsilver, gold and bismuth. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This deposit is located high in the mountains of northern side of central Colombia. 10-year-old exploration galleries designated for researching copper in the past surround the site. There are abundantly chalky sediments, in which there are minerals of copper such as chalcopyrite. We also found some beautiful examples of barite crystals. It is a fairly extensive site, but because of the steep slope and dense fog, we stayed on the upper parts of this deposit. It was a nice introduction to Colombian geology and nature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/strong>nd<\/strong><\/sup>\nday:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On\nthe second day, our emerald trip started in Las Pavas area. We had\naccommodation in the town of Muzo, from where a very narrow path led\nthrough the local mountains. Muzo itself is well known for its\nemerald deposits. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emeralds\nare usually found in calcite-dolomitic veins containing pyrite,\nankerite, albite and quartz. These veins are the product of\nhydro-thermal fluids that disrupt the rock massif and the\ninteractions of the metasomatic fluid with subsequent deposition in\nthe breaks formed by these calcite-dolomitic veins. It is likely that\nmetasomatic fluids come from shale formations near Muzo, which are\nprobably the source of vanadium, which is the cause of the unique\ncolor of local emeralds. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Firstly,\nwe headed to the Rio Magdalena where we could find some samples in\nthe river or meander scrolls. Only one member of our chapter was\nlucky enough to find a small sample in the shale. We even\ninvestigated one closed mine which might be reopened in the near\nfuture. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Fine emeralds crystals from Muzo. Photo by E. Vr\u0148atov\u00e1<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3<\/strong>rd<\/strong><\/sup>\nday:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On\nthe third day, we had a scheduled visit to El L\u00edbano Tolima, the El\nPorvenir gold mine, orogenic and epithermal gold deposit. This mine\nis processing sulphide ores like pyrit, containing relatively large\namounts of gold (up to 1000 ppm). The grains of gold in the bearing\nare mainly included in sulphides and silicates. The mineralization of\ngold in the bearing is probably caused by the penetration of\nporphyres into the Paleozoic slate on the eastern wing of Colombian\nAndes. It is believed that the mineralization of gold occurred in\nthree early phases of intrusion, which are accompanied by a number of\nsodo-calcical changes and the late phase of penetration of porphyres.\nThe samples contained high quartz and chalcopyrite content.\t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We\ntravelled to the mine a long way on a car’s hull. Then we went\nthrough the inspection, which was waiting for us in front of mine.\nThe whole mine is active and so we could only be there in the pause\nperiod. The whole visit was fantastic and very engaging. At the end,\neveryone could take only one sample of the size of a fist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
One of the eight entrace to the El Porvenir gold mine<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4<\/strong>th<\/strong><\/sup>\nday:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On\nthe fourth day, we visited the Cu-skarn Payand\u00e9 deposit with\ngarnets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The\npost-Triasic plutonic rocks, known as the Payande Stock, grow on the\neastern edge of Colombian central Cordillery near San Luis-Tolima.\nThe quarry could not be reached directly by our bus, so we had to\nstretched our legs. At least we were accompanied by a car that eased\nus from our backpacks and hammers. The road was not difficult, except\nfrom the ford across the river, where we had to take off our shoes\nand wade. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The reason why we drove there were skarn outcrops, where the great and beautiful crystals of andradite are located. Regarding the other minerals, hematite, azurite, quartz, calcite, chlorite, magnetite and sphalerite are also found here. Petrology and mineralogy is very interesting in this deposit, as there are signs of a passage of hydrothermal fluids and changing contacts with individual minerals. We saw the beautiful mineralization of the copper. There are also several zones to see. The first zone corresponds to the tonalites, the second to endoskarns and the third to exoskarns. There is also a prograde zone containing garnets and pyroxenes. In the retrograde zone, where iron oxides, iron sulphates and copper are found. This was our last locality in terrain. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

5<\/strong>th<\/strong><\/sup>\nday:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On\nthe fifth day we were back in Bog\u00f3ta and we had a planned tour of\nthe geological section at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. We\nwent through some local classrooms and looked at a few samples from\nthe local collections. We also examined a few rocks which we saw\nduring the fieldtrip under a microscope and finally we listened to\nshort presentations from Prague Chapter and Bogota Chapter. After\nexploring the area, we went to the city to taste a bit of all\npossible and impossible fruits on the world-famous market Plaza de\nPaloquemao. Then we moved to the Gold Museum in Bogota and the\nlargest Emerald museum in the world. Unfortunately, this day the\nEmerald Museum was closed in, so we had to visited another day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finally,\nwe would like to thank all the leaders of this fieldtrip, especially\nIvan Mateo Espinel Pach\u00f3n and all the SGA Student Chapter\nColumbia-Bogot\u00e1 members for an amazing organization and for ensuring\neverything needed for the success of fieldtrip. In general, I think\nthat the cooperation between Chapters is the best form of studying.\nAlso I would like to express great thanks to the whole SGA, as it\nwould not be organized without their support and many thanks to all\nour sponsors, such as Vitana or Severo\u010desk\u00e1 doly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I\nthink that this fieldtrip to Columbia strengthened the connection\nbetween our SGA student chapters and we hope that despite the\ndistance between Prague and Colombia we will continue to collaborate\nand exchange experiences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Tasting of Colombian fruit delicacies by J. Ba\u0161us<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n Jarom\u011b\u0159sk\u00fd, Ivan Mateo Espinel Pach\u00f3n, Jan Hofmann, Milton A. Santos 1SGA Student Chapter Prague, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic; jaromers@natur.cuni.cz As every year, Prague Chapter participates in several fieldtrips with friendly chapters. This year, we managed to negotiate several daily fieldtrips \u2026 Continue reading → <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-events","category-news","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1306"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1311,"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1306\/revisions\/1311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sga.cuni.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}